Sigmoidoscopy is a procedure used to view the lower colon. This test can help find the source of abdominal pain, bleeding, and changes in bowel habits. When done every 3-5 years, it is also one way to screen for cancer. It is done using a sigmoidoscope, a flexible tube with a viewing lens and light.
Getting Ready
If you're 50 or over, the American Cancer Society recommends having this test every 3 to 5 years.
- Be sure to tell your doctor about any medications you take. Also tell your doctor about any health conditions you may have.
- Ask your doctor about the risks of the test. These include bleeding and bowel puncture.
- Your rectum and colon must be empty for the test, so be sure to follow the diet and prep instructions exactly. Otherwise the test may need to be rescheduled.
During the Test
- The test is done in the doctor’s office or in a hospital endoscopy unit. You may wear a gown or a drape over your lower body.
- The procedure takes 15 minutes or longer.
- The doctor performs a digital rectal exam to check for anal and rectal problems. The rectum is lubricated and the scope inserted.
- You may have a feeling similar to needing to have a bowel movement. You may also feel pressure when air is pumped into the colon It’s okay to pass gas during the procedure.
After the Test
- Usually you’ll discuss the results with your doctor right away, unless you’re having other tests.
- Try to pass all the gas right after the test. Otherwise you may have bloating and cramping.
- After the test you can go back to your normal eating and other activities.
When to Call Your Doctor
Call if you have any of the following after the procedure:
- Pain in your abdomen
- Fever
- Excessive rectal bleeding. Slight bleeding or spotting is normal.
